将React组件状态与本地存储同步

一个简单的自定义Hook，用于将组件状态与本地存储同步。

use-local-storage-state.ts

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
 
export function useLocalStorageState<T = { [key: string]: any }>(key: string, defaultValue?: T) {
  let [state, setState] = useState<T>(() => {
    let storage = localStorage.getItem(key)
    if (storage) {
      return JSON.parse(storage)
    }
    return defaultValue || {}
  })
 
  useEffect(() => {
    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(state))
  }, [state])
 
  // 使用 `as const` 确保返回数组的类型正确
  return [state, setState] as const
}

在某些情况下，你可能需要检查浏览器环境，因为本地存储只在客户端可用。

use-local-storage-state.ts

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
 
let isBrowser = typeof window !== 'undefined' // 检查浏览器/客户端环境
 
export function useLocalStorageState<T = { [key: string]: any }>(key: string, defaultValue?: T) {
  let [state, setState] = useState<T>(() => {
    if (isBrowser) {
      let storage = localStorage.getItem(key)
      if (storage) {
        return JSON.parse(storage)
      }
    }
    return defaultValue || {}
  })
 
  useEffect(() => {
    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(state))
  }, [state])
 
  return [state, setState] as const
}

使用方法

下面展示了一个使用该Hook将组件状态与本地存储同步的简单示例：

theme-switcher.tsx

function ThemeSwitcher() {
  let [theme, setTheme] = useLocalStorageState<'dark' | 'light'>('theme', 'light')
 
  return (
    <select onChange={ev => setTheme(ev.target.value)}>
      <option value="dark">深色</option>
      <option value="light">浅色</option>
    </select>
  )
}